Under the new college entrance examination system, there have been numerous fragmented problems in the governance of students’ physical health, such as unclear rights and responsibilities of the main entities, disconnection in the content of cultivation, and poor coordination in the field connection. Factors like family cognitive biases, imperfect school cultivation mechanisms, and insufficient community resource supply all jointly restrict the actual effectiveness of physical health cultivation. Relevant governance work needs to clearly define the boundaries of rights and responsibilities for the three types of entities (family, school, and community), establish a fixed information exchange and consultation mechanism, adapt the content of physical health cultivation to the academic rhythms of students in different grades, coordinate various types of public resources such as venues and human resources for the three types of entities to build a supporting system, comprehensively cover the three exercise scenarios of home, campus, and community, and reduce the loss of efficiency during the coordination process.