Against the backdrop of comprehensively promoting quality education, aesthetic education, as an important component of the education system, has become increasingly prominent in its value. As a place for cultivating technical talents, vocational colleges shoulder an important mission in the cultivation of students’ aesthetic education. The current art education work in vocational colleges is facing many difficulties. The traditional single art education model is difficult to meet the growing aesthetic needs of students, and the integration of art education and professional education is insufficient, failing to fully play the role of art education in promoting students’ comprehensive development. The infiltration of aesthetic education has brought a new perspective to the aesthetic education work in vocational colleges, emphasizing that aesthetic education should be fully integrated into all aspects of students’ learning and life, shaping their aesthetic literacy.