This paper discusses the key significance of college students’ career planning and development in China, focusing on analyzing the role orientation of counselors and their functions in this process. Combined with the core content of career planning, the study explores how counselors can assist students’ career development through various approaches, including awakening career awareness, enhancing self-cognition, and promoting career exploration. The specific implementation paths cover classroom teaching, thematic training, second classroom activities, the construction of “one-stop” student communities, and personalized heart-to-heart talks, so as to give full play to the role of counselors in career guidance.