Under the online teaching model, the evaluation literacy of college English teachers has become one of the critical factors affecting students’ learning effects [1]. This study uses a self-compiled questionnaire to investigate the current status of evaluation literacy of college English teachers under the online teaching model from four aspects: evaluation awareness, evaluation knowledge, evaluation ability, and evaluation ethics. The results show that college English teachers’ overall evaluation literacy level is relatively high, but there are areas for improvement. Based on the survey results, suggestions are put forward to improve teachers’ evaluation literacy, such as changing teaching concepts and increasing self-reflection; strengthening training and learning to enhance professional development awareness; conducting cooperative research and emphasizing team strengths.