Campus smoking control is a key link in building a healthy campus and implementing the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education in universities. At present, the smoking control work in universities is confronted with a prominent contradiction between students’ demands and managerial effectiveness, and pure administrative regulation fails to solve the problem fundamentally. Based on the practical context, this study proposes a theoretical framework and practical path for the systematic integration of ideological and political education (IPE) into campus smoking control. By analyzing the internal logic of IPE-enabled smoking control in resolving value conflicts, reshaping cultural cognition, and guiding behavioral self-discipline, this paper systematically reveals the practical dilemmas of university smoking control concerning group psychology, management boundaries, subculture, educational resources, legal implementation, and smoking cessation services. On this basis, it constructs a systematic implementation path centered on the three dimensions of “value guidance, cultural immersion, and behavioral coordination,” framed by a “three-in-one” model and guaranteed by a “four-dimensional linkage” evaluation and incentive mechanism. This research aims to promote the transformation of smoking control from external constraints to internal recognition, foster a smoke-free campus culture, and provide a systematic solution for the collaborative development of environmental education and cultural education in universities.