With the further implementation of the rural revitalization strategy and the accelerated development of agricultural modernization, China’s agricultural sector has an increasingly urgent demand for technical and skilled talents with practical ability, innovative thinking, and professional literacy. As the main base for cultivating technical and skilled talents, agricultural majors in higher vocational colleges undertake the mission of delivering front-line high-quality talents for agricultural production. However, at present, the cultivation of talents in agricultural majors in higher vocational colleges still faces problems such as vague training objectives and outdated curriculum systems, which fail to match the demand for innovative talents in modern agriculture. Based on this, combined with the school-running characteristics of higher vocational colleges and the characteristics of agricultural majors, this paper analyzes the necessity and dilemmas of current talent training, explores the paths for innovative talent training, and supports the construction of rural revitalization.