With the extensive application of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in education, the traditional ideological and political education (IPE) model dominated by classroom lectures and one-way indoctrination is transforming toward digitalization, intelligence, and personalization. AI not only provides new technical tools and carriers for IPE, but also promotes systematic reforms in educational concepts, teaching methods, and talent cultivation mechanisms. Currently, both academic circles and university practices have recognized the important value of AI-enabled IPE. However, in the process of technology implementation, there still exist problems such as overemphasis on technology over education, form over connotation, and efficiency over ethics. An in-depth analysis of the inherent significance of AI-enabled IPE in universities, a systematic review of practical dilemmas, and an exploration of scientific and feasible optimization paths are of great significance for promoting the integrity and innovation of IPE in colleges and universities.