Guided by the National Vocational College Skills Competition Teaching Ability Competition, this paper selects the “Object Detection” teaching unit and elaborates on the teaching design and practice process in detail from aspects such as overall teaching design, teaching implementation process, students’ learning effects, and reflection and improvement measures. By introducing real application scenarios of smart factories, it cultivates students’ craftsman spirit of striving for excellence and sense of responsibility to serve the country through science and technology, providing experience and reference for transporting high-quality technical and skilled talents for the high-quality development of the artificial intelligence industry.