Volume 4,Issue 7
Fundamental Motor Skill Development and Its Influencing Factors Among 3–6-Year-Old Preschool Children in Xizang
Children aged 3-6 years old are in a crucial period for the development of fundamental motor skills (FMS), which provide the basic foundation for young children to participate in exercise and learn sports-related motor skills. To examine the current state of motor development in preschool children from the Tibetan Autonomous Region, this study used the TGMD-3 assessment to evaluate 204 Tibetan children aged 3-5 years at a kindergarten in City L, Xizang. The total proportion of participants who could master FMS was 42.6%, which is relatively low; their locomotor skills were better developed than their object-control skills. Age was associated with a change in FMS scores; however, at all ages, there was no difference between men and women. Based on the theory of dynamic systems, the motor development of plateau preschoolers is the result of the combined influence of several factors, such as their own traits, family circumstances, kindergarten life and the high-altitude environment.
[1] Xinhua News Agency, 2016, Release of the Healthy China 2030 Outline With Full Text, visited on October 25, 2016, http://news.xinhuanet.
[2] Gallahue DL, Ozmun JC, 2006, Understanding Motor Development: Infants, Children, Adolescents, Adults. 6th ed. McGraw-Hill, New York.
[3] Ulrich DA, 1985, Test of Gross Motor Development: Examiner's Manual. PRO-ED Publishers, Austin, TX.
[4] Clark JE, 1994, Motor Development. In: Ramachandran VS (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Human Behavior, 3: 235–255.
[5] Robinson LE, 2011, The Relationship Between Perceived Physical Competence and Fundamental Motor Skills in Preschool Children. Child: Care, Health and Development, 37(4): 589–596.
[6] Bardid F, Huyben F, Lenoir M, et al., 2016, Assessing Fundamental Motor Skills in Belgian Children Aged 3–8 Years Highlights Differences to US Reference Sample. Acta Paediatrica, 105(6): e281–e290.
[7] Zelazo PR, et al., 1972, “Walking” in the Newborn. Science, 176(4032): 314–315.
[8] Newell KM, 1986, Constraints on the Development of Coordination. In: Wade MG, Whiting HTA (Eds.), Motor Development in Children: Aspects of Coordination and Control, 341–360. Martinus Nijhoff, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
[9] Hands B, 2012, How Fundamental Are Fundamental Movement Skills? Active & Healthy Magazine, 14–17.
[10] Lawson C, Eyre LJ, Tallis J, 2021, Fundamental Movement Skill Proficiency Among British Primary School Children: Analysis at a Behavioral Component Level. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 128(2): 625–648.
[11] Clark JE, 2005, From the Beginning: A Developmental Perspective on Movement and Mobility. Quest, 57(1): 37–45.
[12] Cook G, Burton L, Hoogenboom B, 2006, Preparticipation Screening: The Use of Fundamental Movements as an Assessment of Function—Part 1. North American Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 1: 62–72.
[13] Lloyd RS, Cronin JB, Faigenbaum AD, et al., 2016, National Strength and Conditioning Association Position Statement on Long-Term Athletic Development. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 30(6): 1491–1509.
