Effective Classroom Environment of Curriculum Ideological and Political Education in Higher Vocational Mathematics: Measurement, Mechanisms, and Mediation
This study developed and validated a 25-item instrument, the Higher Vocational Mathematics Curriculum Ideological and Political Education (HVMCIPE) Classroom Environment Questionnaire, to assess the mathematics classroom environment and its influence on student satisfaction. Through exploratory factor analysis on 139 cleansed samples of first-year science and engineering students, the four classroom environment factors extracted from HVMCIPE show a stable structure and good psychometric qualities. Classroom Learning Climate (CLC) predicted all four satisfaction items significantly. Although Teacher-Student Interaction and Support (TSIS) did not predict satisfaction significantly, it fully mediated satisfaction through Instructional Affinity and Classroom Organization (IACO) and CLC. The implications and suggestions for future research are finally put forward.
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