ARTICLE
17 September 2026

A Study on the Current Situation and Underlying Logic of “Lying Flat” Among Undergraduate Students at Local Universities in China

Jing Wang1 Chunhui You1* Mingyuan Huang1
Show Less
1 School of Economics and Management, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, Guangdong, China
erd 2026 , 8(8), 220–227; https://doi.org/10.26689/JCNR.v10i8.15823
© 2026 by the Author(s). Licensee: Bio-Byword Scientific Publishing Pty Ltd, Australia. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
Abstract

Against the backdrop of increasingly intense social competition and the phenomenon of “involution”, the “lying flat” culture has gained growing popularity and acceptance among undergraduates at local universities in China, and their “lying flat” behavior has become increasingly prominent. How to properly understand this phenomenon and guide undergraduates at local universities to strive tirelessly in the new era has become an important research topic. This study conducted a questionnaire survey to assess the current prevalence of the “lying flat” phenomenon among undergraduates and identify differences among various student groups. The findings reveal that a significant proportion of undergraduates at local universities currently exhibit “lying flat” behaviors in their studies, daily lives, and social interactions. Furthermore, such behaviors are more pronounced among students who are not only children, males, those from counties or smaller areas, first-year students, and those majoring in the humanities. Building on this foundation, this study analyzes the underlying logic behind the “lying flat” phenomenon among undergraduate students from four perspectives: socioeconomic transformation, communication between families and universities, peer group influence, and diminished self-efficacy. It also proposes countermeasures and recommendations in four areas—support systems, education on ideals and beliefs, mental health education, and family support—with the aim of helping undergraduate students overcome the “lying flat” dilemma.

Keywords
Local universities
Undergraduates
“Lying flat”
Current situation
Underlying logic
Funding
2025 Educational Science Planning Project of Guangdong Province (Project No.: 2025GXJK0546); Teaching Reform Project of JiaYing University (Project No.: JYJG2024120); Teaching Quality Improvement Project of JiaYing University (Project No.: ZLGC2023506)
References

[1]   Shiota MN, Papies EK, Preston SD, et al., 2021, Positive Affect and Behavior Change. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 39(3): 222–228.

[2]   Qin XY, Dai YQ, 2022, From “Involution” and “Buddhist-Style” to “Lying Flat”: Fostering a Spirit of Striving Among Youth Through the Lens of Shifting Social Mindsets. China Youth Study, 2(2): 5–13.

[3]   An LL, Tian Y, Wang JY, 2023, The Multiple Meanings, Behavioral Representations and Guidance Paths of the “Lying Flat” Phenomenon of University Students. Social Sciences in Shenzhen, 6(6): 89–100.

[4]   Guo QQ, 2024, A Study on the Impact of the “Lying Flat” Culture on the Striving Spirit of Contemporary College Students and Countermeasures. Heilongjiang Education, 1(1): 90–93.

[5]   Aftab A, Lee EE, Klaus F, et al., 2019, Meaning in Life and Its Relationship with Physical, Mental, and Cognitive Functioning: A Study of 1,042 Community-Dwelling Adults Across the Lifespan. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 81(1): 11357.

[6]   Xin T, Jian L, 2024, “Lying Flat”: Chinese Youths’ Resistance to Overwork and the Practice of Stratification. Youth and Globalization, 5(2): 231–251.

[7]   Ma S, Wang H, Wang XF, et al., 2024, The Current Status of “Lying Flat” Behavior Among College Students in Three Chinese Provinces and Its Association with Symptoms of Depression. Chinese Journal of School Health, 45(6): 844–848.

[8] Peng J, Yu T, 2023, Multi-Dimensional Analysis of the Phenomenon of “Lying Flat” of Contemporary College Students: Based on the Survey and Analysis of College Students in 23 Colleges and Universities in China. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 36(2): 174–181.

[9]   Shu X, Huang YC, Xiang YP, 2023, Strife Is the Correct Solution: Reflections on the Phenomenon of College Students “Lying Flat”. Journal of Xichang University, 35(4): 76–81.

[10] Hu            RJ, 2022, Analysis on the Cultural Root and Correction Path of University Students’ “Lying Flat” Mentality. Journal of National Academy of Education Administration, 10(1): 56–64.

Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Share
Back to top