Governance and Value Realization of Scientific Data in the Era of Data-Intensive Research

With the in-depth development of the data-intensive scientific research paradigm and the rise of the global data marketplace, scientific data has evolved from a by-product of academic research into a pivotal strategic resource driving scientific and technological innovation and enhancing productivity and innovation capacity. Based on the theory of public goods and transaction cost theory, this paper constructs a three-stage model for the value realization of scientific research data and reveals the phased evolutionary patterns and dynamic shifts of governance mechanisms in the process of scientific data transforming into factors of production. The research identifies that the lack of supporting infrastructure for data processing and value-adding serves as the core bottleneck. Corresponding optimization paths are further proposed, including establishing a hierarchical governance system, accelerating the construction of data processing platforms, and redefining the role of government.

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