The digital society, as a manifestation of comprehensive modernization, has become a key driving force in various fields. China has made remarkable achievements in digital social construction, but it still faces challenges like uneven distribution of digital resources and skill disparities. Investing in the digital capabilities and literacy of individuals is foundational for ensuring social equity and efficiency. This paper systematically reviews the background and issues of digital social construction, analyzes the core importance of investing in people, and proposes strategies such as the popularization of digital skills, enhancement of human health capital, and incentivization of social capital. Emphasizing the establishment of a scientific evaluation system and a multi-stakeholder collaboration mechanism is crucial for promoting resource sharing and collaborative governance. In summary, the people-centered development approach is the fundamental guarantee for sustainable and high-quality development of the digital society. The future should integrate technological, policy, and industrial advancements to further energize digital governance.