Classical vocal performance is an artistic endeavor highly dependent on live conditions. Performance anxiety remains a persistent challenge for singers at all stages, directly constraining their artistic expression and compromising the quality of classical vocal stage presentations. This study begins with a core definition of performance anxiety, systematically examining its specific impacts on singers’ physiological states, psychological cognition, and artistic performance. It analyzes three fundamental causes of anxiety formation: individual factors, environmental influences, and technical aspects. The research ultimately proposes four actionable intervention strategies—psychological regulation, optimized professional training, pre-performance preparation, and social support system development—to provide practical references for classical vocal practitioners in alleviating stage anxiety and enhancing performance consistency.