Against the backdrop of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, the contradiction between “employment difficulty” among college students and “labor shortage” in enterprises reflects the problem that university education and teaching lag behind industry development and market changes. This paper deeply analyzes the causes of the low fit between talents and jobs in light of the actual situation of the authors’ university, proposes to update the talent training objectives to “integration and innovation, professional proficiency with multiple skills, adaptability to changes, and comprehensiveness”, and presents the main countermeasures to improve the fit between the curriculum system, knowledge and skills, and job requirements. Through the reform practice of curriculum system construction and disciplinary self-renewal in pilot majors, this paper explores a new model for cultivating innovative and application-oriented talents that meets the needs of innovation-driven development and high-quality full employment.