Under the guidance of the “dual carbon” strategy, the MICE industry has become a key carbon emission sector due to issues such as high energy consumption of venues and one-time use of exhibition booths. Green transformation is an inevitable choice for the sustainable development of the industry. This paper clarifies the evolutionary logic of three stages in the research on the industry’s green transformation, focuses on four core dilemmas including industry cognition, technology cost, accounting system, and regional balance, constructs a core transformation path of “full-process resource recycling-multi-stakeholder collaboration-digital technology empowerment”, supports with regionally differentiated optimization strategies, and establishes a theoretical framework of “policy orientation-path design-effect evaluation”. The research not only provides implementable full-process carbon reduction solutions for MICE enterprises but also offers decision-making support for relevant departments in formulating policies, helping the industry achieve the unity of environmental, economic, and social benefits, and continuously contributing industrial strength to the dual carbon goals.