Medical devices, as the core support of the healthcare industry, are directly linked to the enhancement of healthcare service quality through their technological innovation and clinical translation efficiency. However, the field still faces a series of challenges throughout the entire value chain, including misalignment of demand, insufficient collaboration, and a lack of engineering capabilities, which hinder the clinical application of many innovative results. Based on the actual conditions of the industry, this paper provides a comprehensive analysis of key issues in various stages, such as source innovation, medical-engineering collaboration, pilot-scale translation, clinical trials, and policy support. Subsequently, targeted optimization strategies are proposed, offering references for advancing the translation of medical device innovations from the laboratory to clinical application, thus achieving a precise match between technological value and healthcare demand.