With advancements in information technology and the increasing demand for data-driven governance, the openness of public data has become essential for global governance and social innovation. However, legal risks related to privacy protection, data security, intellectual property, liability allocation, and legal adaptability pose significant challenges to data governance in China. This paper analyzes these risks and proposes three strategies: enhancing the legal framework through clear data classification and accountability mechanisms, establishing regulatory bodies to monitor data usage, and promoting public education on data privacy. These strategies aim to address gaps in legal discourse and guide effective data governance, contributing to the secure development of open data initiatives in China and beyond.