Volume 10,Issue 5
Application of Lymphocyte Subset Analysis in Early Warning of Infection Risk in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies
Objectives: Infection is a significant complication in patients with hematologic malignancies, and CD4+ T-cell count serves as a critical indicator for assessing immune defense function. Methods: This retrospective study enrolled patients with hematologic malignancies and detected peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets via flow cytometry. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was employed to evaluate the predictive performance of each subset for infection and to determine optimal cutoff values, while logistic regression was used to identify risk factors associated with infection. The aim was to investigate the predictive value of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets, particularly CD4+ T cells, for infection risk in these patients. Results: Limited by insufficient sample size, this study did not identify any statistically significant high-risk factors for infection (p > 0.05). However, an increased risk of opportunistic infections was observed when CD4+ T-cell counts fell below 278/μL. Additionally, decreased B-cell counts and reduced CD8+ T-cell levels were also indicative of increased infection risk. Conclusion: Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets can serve as early warning tools for infection occurrence in patients with hematologic malignancies. Furthermore, B-cell counts may also serve as a preliminary screening reference for the diagnosis of hematologic malignancies.
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