Research on Ultrasound Diagnosis of Thyroid Nodules: A Bibliometric Analysis

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate global research trends and outputs on the ultrasound diagnosis of thyroid nodules using bibliometric analysis. Methods: The study searched the Web of Science Core Collection for publications on thyroid nodule ultrasound diagnosis (2000–2025). Relevant literature data (publication year, countries, institutions, authors, journals, keywords, and citations) were extracted. Bibliometric analyses were performed using VOSviewer to map collaboration networks, research hotspots, and co-citation patterns. Results: A total of over 8,000 publications were included. Annual output rose from 25 in 2000 to 390 in 2022. The United States and China together contributed more than one-third, with the U.S. leading by citations and China showing rapid growth. Leading institutions were concentrated in East Asia and North America, especially Korea and China. Author networks revealed strong collaboration among Korean radiologists. The thyroid was the most productive and most-cited journal. Keyword co-occurrence clustered around ultrasound risk stratification, FNA cytology and molecular testing, and management strategies. Co-citation analysis highlighted guidelines, particularly the 2015 ATA statement, as central to the knowledge network. Conclusion: Research on ultrasound diagnosis of thyroid nodules has expanded rapidly over the past two decades, with Asia and North America at the forefront. Collaboration networks reveal regional clusters and prolific contributor groups. The literature emphasizes differentiating benign from malignant nodules via standardized ultrasound risk stratification and adjunct FNA, while emerging trends include the integration of advanced imaging techniques, artificial intelligence, and nonsurgical therapies. These bibliometric insights map the evolution of this field and can guide future research and international collaboration.